Applying Finishing Plaster to prepared Surfaces in the Workplace
1.3 Describe the organisational procedures developed to report and rectify inappropriate information and unsuitable resources and how they are implemented.
If I was given the wrong information or resources workers must contact my boss supervisor as soon as possible. I would stop what I am doing and wait until I am told the correct thing to do or to use the correct materials. I would let other workers know to prevent them making mistakes and wasting time.
1.4 Describe different types of information, their source and how they are interpreted in relation to: – drawings, specifications, schedules, manufacturers’
information and current regulations regulations governing buildings.
Drawings show details of the building of the building to a scale, they have the dimensions of the building attached to them showing what size each section has to be on the finished. The drawings are also from many different angles showing you all the elevations of the building. Some may also be detailed enough to show you the different sections of the walls and foundations, so you know how they need to be built. They would also have hatchings indicating each material in the structure. The drawings would also show the sizes of each room. Windows and drainage to the building. They are kept in the office and have their date and issue number on them as they can change and have amendments to them.
Specifications,
The specifications is a document that is used alongside the drawings to describe the materials tha tare required, what fixings must be used, the standard of work and dimensions for many sections of the building. This document can be found in the site office
Manufacturers’ information and regulations
The manufacturers information can be found on the product or is provided in booklet that is kept in the site office. There will be safety legislation and it explains how the resource should be moved when being used or fixed. I will explain how the item should be maintained, stored and disposed of.
The current legislation for site mangers should be available in folders on site but it can also be found online on the HSE website and it is in place to keep everybody safe on site. Employees should also be responsible to know where it can be found and know the relevant legislation.
Building regulations govern the structure of the building they are incorporated into the specifications and drawings. They state how the building should be built to ensure it is structurally safe and healthy to live and use. The local council building offices can provide you with the building regulations. You can phone the building control office or email to get advice.
2.1 describe their responsibilities regarding potential accidents, health hazards and the environment whilst working:. In the workplace, in confined spaces, below ground level, at height, with tools and equipment, with materials and substances, with movement/storage of materials and by manual handling and mechanical lifting.
HASAWA (health and safety at work act)-the health and safety at work act states that everyone in the work environment has a reasonability to look after them self as well as others safety and wellbeing. The health and safety at work act gives guidelines to other legislations and regulations on how to work safe.
CSR (confine spaces regulations)-when working in a confined space you should firstly try to avoid working in confined spaces in the first place (e.g. by working outside). When working in a confined space you should follow a safe system of work from a risk assessment and method statement , furthermore all employees should be competent to work in this type of environment. Finally when working in a confined space you should work in a ventilated area and have appropriate emergency arrangements.
WAHR (working at height regulations)-when working at a height you should firstly again try to avoid working at height in the first place. Secondly if you have to work at a height you should make you have a safe system of work by using a risk assessment and method system to plan your work and use appropriate access equipment and any PPE required. You need to be competent when working at heights.
PUWER-(provision of the use of work equipment regulations)-this regulation makes sure every occupant is trained and competent to use power tools safely
COSHH-(control of substances hazardous to health)- this regulation states that everyone should depose of all waste correctly so people and the environment doesn’t get harmed
MHOR -(manual handling operations regulations)-this regulation give you guidelines on how to safely move resources to prevent injuries.
Controlled measures-to prevent people from injuries, keep them safe and to comply with all regulation all employees should be given: site induction, toolbox talks, appropriate training, risk assessment, method statement to help them work in a safe manner.
2.2 Describe the organisational security procedures for tools, equipment and personal belongings in relation to site, workplace, company and operative.
The site security should be covered by the company and if the risks remain at night, night site operatives should be employed. Lock boxes should be provided by the company, insured for theft and used by employees overnight so the tools are secure, any equipment should be stored in their correct boxes and in the lock box or container. Any personal belonging should be stored safely out of the way to minimise the risk of them being taken. Also, at the end of the day the site should be locked securely with gates and keys kept by one person, such as the foreman or boss.
2.3 Explain what the accident reporting procedures are and who is responsible for making the reports.
How you should report an accident:
When an injury occurs, person must report to site foreman and should be noted in accident book. If injuries can be attended to on site, then the first aider should be called to deal with the situation. If the injury is serious then ambulance should be called, A&E may be required. After, measures should be put in place, so the same injury can try to be prevented. You should also report near misses to prevent and accident happening.
3.3 Explain why and when health and safety control equipment, identified by the principles of prevention should be used, relating to applying finishing plaster to prepared surfaces, and the types, purpose and limitations of each type, the work situation and general work environment in relation to: a. collective protective measures b. personal protective equipment (PPE) c. respiratory protective equipment (RPE) d. local exhaust ventilation (LEV)
Collective protective measures:
Collective protective measures are put in place to protect everyone on site from hazards, examples of these measures are barriers around an area of work to prevent damage to work and to warn of any possible danger, also all working platforms should be checked before use to ensure that they are stable and suitable to work on such as checking the boards of a scaffold to see if there are any trap ends to be aware of and corrected for use. as a collective these risks and many more should be written down into a risk assessment so that measures can be put in place. Other such collective measures are Risk assessments
COSHH assessments
Site induction
Tool box talks
Method statements
Poster boards
Signs mandatory prohibition and hazard warning.
Designated walk ways no go areas
Hand rails
Hoarding and fencing Extraction systems.
Fall protection nets and inflatable systems
Personal protective equipment:
Personal protective equipment will assist in preventing injury to your body. It will have its limitations in protecting you. There is only so much pressure safety boots and helmets can take when protecting you. Personal protective equipment should always be used when needed and when required too, for example a hi-vis must always be worn on site because your more visible within the surrounding area and therefore less likely to be hit by work machinery / vehicles etc, safety helmets are also a requirement when working on site to protect from any possible accidents damaging your head. Steel toe caps must always be worn too as they protect you from damage to your feet if accidents where heavy / sharp items manage to connect with them, other personal protective equipment like ear defenders barrier cream, sun cream, goggles, gloves, overalls, knee pads and dusts masks are to be used when needed to suit your working environment. All will wear out and need replacing, using scratched goggles or worn gloves can in itself be hazardous.
Respiratory protective equipment:
Respiratory protective equipment such as dust masks should be worn either when mixing, hacking off walls or in dusty environments to protect you from the inhalation of harmful dust. Or using grinder with no dust suspension system. Beards or stubble limit the effectiveness of the mask.
Local exhaust ventilation:
If dust cannot be removed or controlled in any other way you may require you to use a local exhaust ventilation (LEV). This is a ventilation system that removes air born contaminants out of the air making it easier to breath. It needs maintenance and may fail. You will still need masks if working in a dusty environment.
3.4 describe how relevant health and safety control equipment should be used in accordance with given working instructions
Personal protective equipment will assist in preventing injury to your body. It will have its limitations in protecting you. There is only so much pressure safety boots and helmets can take when protecting you. Personal protective equipment should always be used when needed and when required too, for example a hi-vis must always be worn on site because your more visible within the surrounding area and therefore less likely to be hit by work machinery / vehicles etc, safety helmets are also a requirement when working on site to protect from any possible accidents damaging your head. Steel toe caps must always be worn too as they protect you from damage to your feet if accidents where heavy / sharp items manage to connect with them, other personal protective equipment like ear defenders, barrier cream, sun cream, goggles, gloves, overalls, knee pads and dusts masks are to be used when needed to suit your working environment. All will wear out and need replacing and using any damage PPE is not safe as with using scratched goggles or worn gloves can be hazardous.
3.5. State how emergencies should be responded to in accordance with organisational authorisation and
personal skills when involved with fires, spillages, injuries and other task-related hazards.
If there is a fire the first thing that should be done is the alarm should be raised, then the fire should be tackled with the appropriate fire extinguisher if it will make a difference. If you hear the alarm, then you should go to your nearest fire exit and leave all tools and equipment. Everyone should end up at the fire assembly point.
If spillages are found or occur, ensure you are aware of what the substance is and if you are able to clear it up the appropriate cleaning substance. You should make sure the area is safe and if the floor is wet then ensure the wet floor sign is up. Also find where the spillage if from to prevent the leak continuing. If the spillage is too big or a chemical which you shouldn’t touch, then you should notify the site foreman or boss.
If an accident occurs in the workplace you should inform the sites first aider. If the injury is serious, you should stay with the injured person and have someone else ring the ambulance. Any accidents should be reported in the accident book and ensure the foreman is informed.
4.2 describe the: a. characteristics b. quality c. uses d. sustainability e. limitations f. defects associated with the resources in relation to: a. plaster b. clean water c. hand tools, portable power tools and ancillary equipme
Undercoats are used to bring the wall out level they can be laid on thicker that plaster, one of these is bonding plaster. While finishing plaster gives a smooth finish that can be decorated to how the customer desires. Both come in bags as powder and mist be mixed up with water if too much water the mix will be runny and not workable and take ages to set. While if too dry it will be difficult to apply to the wall.
Multi thistle plaster is used as a finished top plaster.
Board finish is use on plasterboards with low suction.
Dri coat plaster is used for skimming over insulation.
Browning plaster is another undercoat plaster where the walls it is to be used are high absorbent. All plasters have time limitations to their use as they will set fast if they are old stock.
Tools and equipment could break if they are used often, poor maintenance will make them unusable. If tools have defect do not use.
4.3. Describe how the resources should be used correctly, how problems associated with the resources are reported and how the organisational procedures are used.
Resources should be used in accordance with manufactures instructions, so they are assembly correctly and safely and if there are problems with resources then the foreman or boss should have informed so they can sort the problems out.
4.4 Explain why the organisational procedures have been developed and how they are used for the selection of required resources
Organisational procedures are in place to ensure material is selected and controlled to prevent theft. Also, when ordering, you should over order by about 10% if possible so if there are things cut wrong and to maintain productivity. Also, there will be enough materials for the job. If you under order or get it exact the chances are it won’t save money because if you need more materials you will spend more on time and fuel to get the materials. On some sites you must get a requisition order and sign the materials out of the secure compound.
4.5. Describe potential hazards associated with the resources and method of work.
Some potential hazards in the workplace with resources and methods of work include injury from tools, falls, trips and slips from risk on site, lifting injuries from incorrect lifting technique. Exposure to hazardous substance is another one associated to asbestos and materials and resources can collect mould and bacteria if not stored correctly.
4.6 Describe how to calculate quantity, length, area and wastage associated with the method/procedure to produce internal solid plastering finishes
You can work out distances by measuring them with a tape. To find the area of a wall multiply the length by the height = area in meters squared. Read the manufacturer’s instructions and it will tell you how much the bag of plaster will cover. Allow 5% for waste.
5.4. Describe how to protect work from damage and the purpose of protection in relation to general workplace activities, other occupations and adverse weather conditions
Wall in winter should be covered in hessian to protect from frost. In the summer you need to keep it damp to prevent it drying out too soon by spraying.
To stop other trades damaging work put barriers to the rooms and warning tape. Tell all those working it is fresh work and easily damaged.
5.5. State why the disposal of waste should be carried out in relation to the work.
Environmental responsibilities-it’s a company’s responsibility to dispose of materials in the correct manner so they can recycle materials and don’t harm the environment.
Organisation procedures-
As a company employee dispose of all waste in accordance with HSE regulations and company policies. When employee disposes of waste on site you put any waste material in a skip which is then sent to a recycling centre to be sorted. The company also use receipts when a skip has been changed to check the way materials are disposed in the correct manner and will not harm the environment.
Manufactures information-
If you are not sure how to depose of a material/substance then you read the manufactures information to find out how. If you are still unsure there will be contact information on how to find out more information.
Statutory regulations-
Coshh-(control of substances hazardous to health)-the regulation states that you should depose of any harmful materials appropriately so they do not harm the environment or people.
Official guidance- Environmental Protection Act 1990 will give guidance and set legislations/regulations for all employers to follow. This guidance is to protect the environment from pollution.
6.2. State the purpose of the work programme and explain why deadlines should be kept in relation to: – types of progress charts, timetables and estimated times – organisational procedures for reporting circumstances which will affect the work programme.
The programme of work is a piece of documentation made by the architect and employer and is a graph that shows each trade when they are needed on site, what work they have to do and how long they have to do it. Trades need to follow the programme of work to avoid problems such as holding up other trades and not meeting deadlines.
Estimated times are a rough guess on how long a job will take to achieve the deadline target. a quantity surveyor will price the job and make estimated times, they do this by doing calculations and through their previous experiences.
7.4 describe how to apply safe and healthy work practices, follow
procedures, report problems and establish the authority needed
to rectify them, to:
(pre-plastered, plasterboard and finished concrete)
knowledge are required and report accordingly
significance
equipment
I must not put my self in danger or my fellow workers.
Before you move any materials in the work place you should firstly check with other trades or site foreman where you need to move them or how they need to be disposed of, also your employer should carry out a risk assessment to show you the safe working practices and highlight any potential dangers or hazards which could occur. The supervisor should give you the option of using a lifting aid. After reading the risk assessment you should use a lifting aid and start moving the materials through the planned route, while carrying the materials you should also continue to assess the area for any hazards and should make the area safe, so you and others will be safe while working. Make sure that all the correct ppe is worn especially gloves when scrimming to prevent the knife cutting me. EML is fixing requires wearing PPE and gloves and goggles. When laying on make sure you wear goggles on ceilings as you could damage your eye if plaster drops in it, also wear gloves and mask when mixing adhesive or plaster. You will require to wear goggles when cutting beads as the off cuts can shoot off. While mixing area wear gloves and goggles as plaster could get in your eyes. Make sure that all hand rails and toes boards are fitted correctly when working on scaffolding or access equipment. When using hand tools and power tools make sure your wearing the correct PPE and follow the risk assessment and manufacturer’s instructions. Us access equipment to the manufacturer’s instructions. Pre 1919 houses may have features that need preserving. It may mean you work with lime based mortar as the preservation on the building requires the original material be replaced. That will require wearing gloves and goggles for protection against the lime and mask when mixing.
7.5. Describe the needs of other occupations and how to communicate within a team when applying finishing
plaster to background surfaces.
When moving handling or storing resources you need to take into account the needs of other occupations. Check work schedules to make sure that your actions are not inferring with other occupants. Secondly you should check that it is safe to move the resources as you could be stopping others from their work or creating hazards for yourself as well as others. Communicating with others will prevent accidents and avoid any misunderstanding keeping a coordinated effort to get the work done.
7.6 Describe how to maintain the tools and equipment used when applying finishing plaster to background surfaces.
All plastering tools should be kept clean of plaster at the end of each day and wiped dry before putting away to prevent rusting. Any mechanical kit such as the mixing drill should be cleaned and maintained to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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